La langue des Haladin et des Dunlendings

[Elendil]

Merci de l'info, Thráin.

Je ne suis pas tout à fait d'accord avec Kloczko, puisqu'il y aurait alors au moins un mot de plus à considérer (Kalimac, le vrai nom de Merry). Toutefois, c'est une idée intéressante (et vraisemblable) que les noms de Hobbits du Marish et de Buckland (assez différents de ceux du reste de la Comté) soient inspirés de la langue des Dunlendings. En effet, Tolkien indique dans l'Appendice F :

The names of the Bucklanders were different from those of the rest of the Shire. The folk of the Marish and their offshoot across the Brandywine were in many ways peculiar, as has been told. It was from the former language of the southern Stoors, no doubt, that they inherited many of their very odd names.

Et on sait que les Stoors méridionaux ont longtemps habité non loin de Tharbad et du Dunland, comme Tolkien l'indique dans le Prologue :

The Stoors lingered long by the banks of the Great River Anduin, and were less shy of Men. They came west after the Harfoots and followed the course of the Loud-water southwards; and there many of them long dwelt between Tharbad and the borders of Dunland before they moved north again.

Malheureusement, on note plusieurs contradictions à ce propos. Dans l'App. F, Tolkien semble indiquer que le seul nom propre de personne qu'il ait altéré était celui de Merry :

These I have usually left unaltered, for if queer now, they were queer in their own day. They had a style that we should perhaps feel vaguely to be ‘Celtic’. Since the survival of traces of the older language of the Stoors and the Brec- men resembled the survival of Celtic elements in England, I have sometimes imitated the latter in my translation. Thus Bree, Combe (Coomb), Archet, and Chetwood are modelled on relics of British nomenclature, chosen according to sense: bree ‘hill’, chet ‘wood’. But only one personal name has been altered in this way. Meriadoc was chosen to fit the fact that this character's shortened name, Kali, meant in the Westron ‘jolly, gay’, though it was actually an abbreviation of the now unmeaning Buckland name Kalimac.

Ce qui voudrait dire que tous les autres noms de Brandebouc seraient probablement de vrais noms dunlendais :

Gorhendad
Gormadoc
Madoc
Marmadoc
Gorbadoc
Rorimac
Saradoc
Kalimac
Merimac
Berilac
Saradas
Seredic
Doderic
Ilberic
Dodinas
Dinodas
Sadoc
Marroc
Orgulas
Gorbulas
Marmadas
Merimas

Mais on note que le nom que cite Kloczko provient du brouillon de cet Appendice dans PM (p. 83), où Christopher Tolkien indique :

For Laban-nec ‘Bag End’ in A the second text B has Laban-neg. [...] The true name of Gorhendad Oldbuck became Ogmandab, and that of Meriadoc Kalimanac, altered to Kalimanoc (Kalimac in RK)

Ainsi Gorhendad serait une traduction, ce que confirme le Guide to the Names of the Lord of the Rings :

The first name Gorhendad (I 10 should be left unchanged. It is a Welsh word meaning 'great-grandfather'; the reason for giving the folk of Buckland Welsh names or ones of similar style is given in III 413 4

Ce qui jette un doute conséquent sur le reste de la liste : il faudrait lister combien sont de vrais noms gallois et les exclure.